Showing posts with label limestone. Show all posts
Showing posts with label limestone. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 2, 2023

Stop 26- Skaneateles Creek Aqueduct: Creek and Dam

GPS- 43.066311, -76.472306 

After leaving the dry dock, 

it doesn't take long to arrive at the next canal structure: 

The Skaneateles Creek Aqueduct in Jordan...

aka The Jordan Aqueduct...


which allowed boats to safely traverse the creek.

Here is its marker. 



This aqueduct was part of the Enlarged Erie.
One of the tell-tale signs is its limestone construction. 

More about this aqueduct which took 4 years to build starting in 1841


Some more pics


One of two aqueducts and multiple culverts that made 
the Jordan Level one giant body of water for miles!
Two common nicknames for this stretch were the Jordan Level or the Jordan Summit!


When Clinton's Ditch first came through Jordan, it was in the same location as the enlargement through the village. It was just only 4ft deep and 40 ft wide


Also noteworthy, is on this map from 1834, 
Skaneateles Creek is known as Skaneateles Outlet.
Similar to the naming pattern for the other Finger Lakes.
But, eventually the name morphed into what we call it today: Skaneateles Creek.


But eventually the canal was widened and deepened to 
7ft deep and 70 ft wide and another aqueduct was built to accommodate the widened canal. 
Made of sturdy limestone, it helped hold a trough 
that allowed the water to pass separately over the creek. 
This view is looking south to the dam that slowed the water 
and allowed it to pass under the arches and trough without damaging the trough of the canal.

Another example of a dam at the Chittenango Creek aqueduct that slows and directs water


Water used to pass under all 4 arches. 
The western most arch (on the far right) was used to feed a raceway, 
the other three fed  the creek


Here is the aqueduct in the 1859 map...it was right by the Jordan Dry Dock


Even today the some of the boards which helped prevent erosion 
can be seen close to the dam.


But much is missing or buried, including parts of the uprights 
they were taken down to prevent them from toppling and killing someone.


But if you look closely you can see part of the ledge 
which once helped secure the wooden trough across the creek.


More about aqueduct design:


Here is probably one of the earliest photos of the Jordan Aqueduct


By the late 1800s Jordan saw a lot of canal traffic come through town...
the actual level of where the water once was here can be seen in this pic!


And in this one...the boat is passing over the aqueduct!


More great pics of Jordan can be found at Jordan Memories:


Another part missing is the height of the canal berm wall east of the aqueduct...
it certainly is no longer 7ft high! 

In fact, the WPA put in steps to get up to the towpath on the aqueduct,
and about 15 years ago, the state helped make a ramp for the official Erie Canal Trail. 
This section wouldn't hold much water anymore!


Important, integral parts like this make it impossible for the old canal 
to be used or reused in most places...infrastructure has been long missing!

Here is a video of the water going under the aqueduct right after 
a heavy rainstorm on October 26, 2021!
And another video at lower water the next day!


But why build a 4 arch aqueduct when only two seem necessary? Well, originally they were all necessary. Once, water did flow under all 4 arches! But why doesn't it now? Simple...Syracuse got water right to Skaneateles Lake. Once Syracuse began to use the water, that volume of water was no longer flowing down the creek. One by one mills heading northward to the Seneca River closed...and this is the volume of water that was left. Eventually the creek was directed to flow through the two most western arches and the other two were filled in. This is the water that was "left".




From this view you can see the two grassed-in arches


However, you can still see the skilled craftsmanship of stonemasons long ago...

from the curve of the footers...


To the curved cut, carved, dressed, and placed stones...


To the walls that walls that have withstood little maintenance in over 100 years...
not bad for 180 year old stone wall!


Eventually water will do what water does best: erode...
but until then, it offers some great views year-round!


But we have promises to keep, and miles and miles before we sleep


...as we press on toward our next stop!




















































Saturday, April 29, 2023

Stop 18- Geddes Brook: The Culvert

GPS- 43.067859, -76.230389

 So as we continue on our journey along the towpath, 

an unsung hero that keeps moving bodies of water 

from washing away the berm walls

often crosses beneath our feet: 

The Culvert!


Geddes Brook starts its journey in the hill of Camillus. 
From there it winds northward toward Onondaga Lake.
It had to cross the canal, 
or more accurately the canal had to cross it!


As it crossed behind Geddes Estate in Camillus


It was dammed for the Geddes' estate's use. Today a mini-old sits in the old dammed channel with the brook still flowing through it


If Geddes had known about mini-golf, 
I'm sure he'd have put one here as an additional business 😉


How do you keep the waters separate? 

You channel the brook UNDER the canal in a culvert. While an aqueduct carries the canal over a body of water in a wooden trough with stone supports, a culvert channels the water under the canal bed itself. 

! good explanations on culverts:

https://www.eriecanal.org/UnionCollege/The_Culvert.html?fbclid=IwAR3akNyZfoTjjeNIn7d_l7LfvV0Opz5h3YSx_9wf1EJ3vi-CU5buu8Z1Sm4

They are perfect for smaller bodies of water and require less maintenance


Along the towpath just west of Solvay, Geddes Brook goes under the canal in a culvert that was built for the Enlarged Erie.
The use of limestone is a clue to its age.


However, the years have taken its toll on the the Geddes Brook Culvert. 
It is closed to automobile traffic due to it's aging state.


But on two feet or two wheels, you can cross over on the culvert on the Towpath...


and appreciate that you do not get your feet wet thanks to the culvert...

and head on to our next stop...






 





Monday, April 24, 2023

Stop 3- The Limestone Creek Aqueduct: Crossing Water

GPS- 43.044080, -76.010702


So, now we have a ditch and water and a way to fill it...but what happens when you want to cross the canal over a large body of water? You build an aqueduct. Aqueducts have been around since ancient times. The word literally comes from the Latin meaning "to lead water" and an aqueduct "led" the water across the creek, keeping the waters separate.


Originally, the canal crossed Limestone Creek in a wooden trough that spanned the width of the width of the creek, supported by limestone upright pillars.



Today a much narrower channel of water flows across in a much smaller channel that is passable by by kayaks and canoes on the Rome Level section. It was constructed at the end of the Erie Canal for the Barge Canal...but more on that at another stop. 


Water from Limestone Creek was channeled under the aqueduct in a way that kept the creek from undermining the canal and its structures.


( A view looking upstream)


The marvelous stonework, almost 200 years old, is still a thing of beauty!


Details that not only helped lead the water in a more controlled manner under the canal trough, but added a beauty in craftsmanship still visible today.


In high water, the creek water would be slowed by this wall which would keep the creek from undermining the feeder, the footbridge, and the aqueduct

Without aqueducts, boats would be stuck in large size ponds! Aqueducts allowed for smooth crossing of creeks by packet boats. And so on the towpath, we head to our next stop...
















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